ubuntu显卡驱动重启后失效的解决办法

写在前方：ubuntu系统，显卡重启后驱动失效，显卡不可用。网上冲浪之后得以有效解决，以下是解决方案

• 查看显卡nvidia-smi；驱动失效消息：

  (base) root@node:~# nvidia-smi 
  NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
  

  • 驱动失效原因：

    　　系统内核升级，与原驱动信息不匹配

  • 解决办法：

    　　不建议重新安装驱动，可通过DKMS(Dynamic Kernel Module Support)修复，它能够维护内核外的驱动程序，并且在内核版本变化后自动生成新的模块。

    １、下载dkms，apt-get install dkms：

    (base) root@node:~# apt-get install dkms
    

    ２、查看驱动版本信息ls /usr/src |grep nvidia：

    (base) root@node:~# ls /usr/src |grep nvidia
    nvidia-550.90.07
    

    ３、使用dkms修复：

    (base) root@node:~# dkms install -m nvidia -v 550.90.07
    

    ４、检查驱动是否可用：nvidia-smi

    (base) root@node:~# nvidia-smi 
    Fri Jul 12 06:00:52 2024       
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | NVIDIA-SMI 550.90.07              Driver Version: 550.90.07      CUDA Version: 12.4     |
    |-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
    | GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
    | Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
    |                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
    |=========================================+========================+======================|
    |   0  NVIDIA A800 80GB PCIe          Off |   00000000:4B:00.0 Off |                    0 |
    | N/A   41C    P0             68W /  300W |       1MiB /  81920MiB |      0%      Default |
    |                                         |                        |             Disabled |
    +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
    |   1  NVIDIA A800 80GB PCIe          Off |   00000000:65:00.0 Off |                    0 |
    | N/A   43C    P0             68W /  300W |       1MiB /  81920MiB |      0%      Default |
    |                                         |                        |             Disabled |
    +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
    |   2  NVIDIA A800 80GB PCIe          Off |   00000000:B1:00.0 Off |                    0 |
    | N/A   42C    P0             71W /  300W |       1MiB /  81920MiB |      3%      Default |
    |                                         |                        |             Disabled |
    +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
    |   3  NVIDIA A800 80GB PCIe          Off |   00000000:E3:00.0 Off |                    0 |
    | N/A   48C    P0             74W /  300W |       1MiB /  81920MiB |      0%      Default |
    |                                         |                        |             Disabled |
    +-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
                                              
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Processes:                               |
    |  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                              GPU Memory |
    |        ID   ID                Usage      |
    |=========================================================================================|
    |  No running processes found              |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    

    参考资料：

    https://blog.csdn.net/trainingVIP/article/details/137789875