第4章---初始化UI控件(UI架构搭建)

2024-03-07 1503阅读

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文件结构：

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第4章---初始化UI控件(UI架构搭建)
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Source

  • Private
    • AbilitySystemComponen
      • RPGAbilitySystemComponent.cpp
      • RPGAttributeSet.cpp
      • Character
        • PGGameCharacterBase.cpp
        • RPGGameEnemy.cpp
        • RPGGamePlayerCharacter.cpp
        • Game
          • RPGGameModeBase.cpp
          • Interaction
            • EnemyInterface.cpp
            • Player
              • RPGPlayerController.cpp
              • RPGPlayerState.cpp
              • Actor
                • RPGEffectActor.cpp
                • UI
                  • HUD
                    • RPGHUD.cpp
                    • WidgetController
                      • OverlayWidgetController.cpp
                      • RPGWidgetController.cpp
                      • Widgets
                        • RPGUserWidget.cpp
                        • Public
                          • AbilitySystemComponent
                            • RPGAbilitySystemComponent.h
                            • RPGAttributeSet.h
                            • Character
                              • RPGGameCharacterBase.h
                              • RPGGameEnemy.h
                              • RPGGamePlayerCharacter.h
                              • Game
                                • RPGGameModeBase.h
                                • Interaction
                                  • EnemyInterface.h
                                  • Player
                                    • RPGPlayerController.h
                                    • RPGPlayerState.h
                                    • Actor
                                      • RPGEffectActor.h
                                      • UI
                                        • HUD
                                          • RPGHUD.h
                                          • WidgetController
                                            • OverlayWidgetController.h
                                            • RPGWidgetController.h
                                            • Widgets
                                              • RPGUserWidget.h

                                                文件表述：

                                                RPGGamePlayerCharacter

                                                .cpp文件

                                                在InitAbilityActorInfo()函数中

                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#include "Character\RPGGamePlayerCharacter.h"
#include "GameFramework/CharacterMovementComponent.h"
#include "Player/RPGPlayerController.h"
#include "Player/RPGPlayerState.h"
#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"
ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::ARPGGamePlayerCharacter()
{
	//角色始终面向移动方向
	GetCharacterMovement()->bOrientRotationToMovement = true;
	GetCharacterMovement()->RotationRate = FRotator(0.f, 400.f, 0.f);
	GetCharacterMovement()->bConstrainToPlane = true;//将运动约束在平面上
	//角色不会面向控制器的方向
	bUseControllerRotationPitch = false;
	bUseControllerRotationRoll = false;
	bUseControllerRotationYaw = false;
}
void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::PossessedBy(AController* NewController)
{
	Super::PossessedBy(NewController);
	// Init ability actor info for the Sever
	InitAbilityActorInfo();
}
void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::OnRep_PlayerState()
{
	Super::OnRep_PlayerState();
	// Init ability actor info for the Client
	InitAbilityActorInfo();
}
void ARPGGamePlayerCharacter::InitAbilityActorInfo()
{
	//获取PlayerState对象，调用InitAbilityActorInfo()将类自身设置为AvatarActor
	ARPGPlayerState* RPGPlayerState = GetPlayerState();
	check(RPGPlayerState);
	RPGPlayerState->GetAbilitySystemComponent()->InitAbilityActorInfo(RPGPlayerState, this);
	
	//不在构造器内初始化，而是在被分配了Controller后将Controller内的AbilitySystemComponent和AttributeSet赋值给当前对象
	AbilitySystemComponent = RPGPlayerState->GetAbilitySystemComponent();
	AttributeSet = RPGPlayerState->GetAttributeSet();
	//通过player获取控制器，再获得HUD(HUD是控制器的一个参数，参考源码)再调用InitOverlay()对UI进行初始化
	if(ARPGPlayerController* RPGplayerController = Cast(GetController()))
	{
		if(ARPGHUD* RPGHud = Cast(RPGplayerController->GetHUD()))
		{
			RPGHud->InitOverlay(RPGplayerController, RPGPlayerState, AbilitySystemComponent, AttributeSet);
		}
	}
}

                                                RPGHUD

                                                HUD文件初始化

                                                .h文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#pragma once
#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/HUD.h"
#include "RPGHUD.generated.h"
class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;
struct FWidgetControllerParams;
class UOverlayWidgetController;
class URPGUserWidget;
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API ARPGHUD : public AHUD
{
    GENERATED_BODY()
public:
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr OverlayWidget;
    
    UOverlayWidgetController* GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);
    //初始化UI(基本上所有的UI)
    void InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS);
private:
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf OverlayWidgetClass;
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr OverlayWidgetController;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf OverlayWidgetControllerClass;
    
};
                                                .cpp文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"
#include "UI/WidgetController/OverlayWidgetController.h"
#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"
//获取控件控制器，这个控制器不能是空的，如果是空的，那么就生成一个控制器，如果已经存在，那么就返回控制器
UOverlayWidgetController* ARPGHUD::GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    if (OverlayWidgetController == nullptr)
    {
       OverlayWidgetController = NewObject(this, OverlayWidgetControllerClass);
       OverlayWidgetController->SetWidgetControllerParams(WCParams);
       OverlayWidgetController->BindCallbacksToDependences();
       
       return OverlayWidgetController;
    }
    return OverlayWidgetController;
}
void ARPGHUD::InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
{
    //确保UI控件类和UI控件控制器类都设置了，不为空
    checkf(OverlayWidgetClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    checkf(OverlayWidgetControllerClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Controller Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    //创建控件，注意不是URPGWidget
    UUserWidget* Widget = CreateWidget(GetWorld(), OverlayWidgetClass);
    //转变类同时赋值给OverlayWidget，将这个控件变成根UI
    OverlayWidget = Cast(Widget);
    
    //创建一个UI控件控制器
    const FWidgetControllerParams WidgetControllerParams(PC,PS,ASC,AS);
    UOverlayWidgetController* WidgetController = GetOverlayWidgetController(WidgetControllerParams);
    
    //将根UI的控件控制器设为WidgetController
    OverlayWidget->SetWidgetController(WidgetController);
    WidgetController->BroadcastInitialValues();
    //显示控件
    Widget->AddToViewport();
}

                                                OverlayWidgetController

                                                .h文件

                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#pragma once
#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/HUD.h"
#include "RPGHUD.generated.h"
class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;
struct FWidgetControllerParams;
class UOverlayWidgetController;
class URPGUserWidget;
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API ARPGHUD : public AHUD
{
    GENERATED_BODY()
public:
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr OverlayWidget;
    
    UOverlayWidgetController* GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);
    //初始化UI(基本上所有的UI)
    void InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS);
private:
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf OverlayWidgetClass;
    UPROPERTY()
    TObjectPtr OverlayWidgetController;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere)
    TSubclassOf OverlayWidgetControllerClass;
    
};
                                                .cpp文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#include "UI/HUD/RPGHUD.h"
#include "UI/WidgetController/OverlayWidgetController.h"
#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"
//获取控件控制器，这个控制器不能是空的，如果是空的，那么就生成一个控制器，如果已经存在，那么就返回控制器
UOverlayWidgetController* ARPGHUD::GetOverlayWidgetController(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    if (OverlayWidgetController == nullptr)
    {
       OverlayWidgetController = NewObject(this, OverlayWidgetControllerClass);
       OverlayWidgetController->SetWidgetControllerParams(WCParams);
       OverlayWidgetController->BindCallbacksToDependences();
       
       return OverlayWidgetController;
    }
    return OverlayWidgetController;
}
void ARPGHUD::InitOverlay(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
{
    //确保UI控件类和UI控件控制器类都设置了，不为空
    checkf(OverlayWidgetClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    checkf(OverlayWidgetControllerClass, TEXT("Overlay Widget Controller Class uninitialized, please fill out BP_RPGHUD"));
    //创建控件，注意不是URPGWidget
    UUserWidget* Widget = CreateWidget(GetWorld(), OverlayWidgetClass);
    //转变类同时赋值给OverlayWidget，将这个控件变成根UI
    OverlayWidget = Cast(Widget);
    
    //创建一个UI控件控制器
    const FWidgetControllerParams WidgetControllerParams(PC,PS,ASC,AS);
    UOverlayWidgetController* WidgetController = GetOverlayWidgetController(WidgetControllerParams);
    
    //将根UI的控件控制器设为WidgetController
    OverlayWidget->SetWidgetController(WidgetController);
    WidgetController->BroadcastInitialValues();
    //显示控件
    Widget->AddToViewport();
}

                                                RPGWidgetController

                                                .h文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#pragma once
#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "RPGWidgetController.generated.h"
class UAttributeSet;
class UAbilitySystemComponent;
// 创建一个新的结构体，用来存储WidgetController的所有参数信息，包含控制器，玩家状态，ASC，AS
USTRUCT(BlueprintType)
struct FWidgetControllerParams
{
    GENERATED_BODY();
    //无参构造
    FWidgetControllerParams(){}
    //带参构造
    FWidgetControllerParams(APlayerController* PC, APlayerState* PS, UAbilitySystemComponent* ASC, UAttributeSet* AS)
    : PlayerController(PC), PlayerState(PS), AbilitySystemComponent(ASC), AttributeSet(AS){}
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr PlayerController = nullptr;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr PlayerState = nullptr;
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr AbilitySystemComponent = nullptr;
    
    UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadWrite)
    TObjectPtr AttributeSet = nullptr;
    
};
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API URPGWidgetController : public UObject
{
    GENERATED_BODY()
public:
    //设置控制器，玩家状态，ASC，AS
    UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
    void SetWidgetControllerParams(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams);
    //虚函数，用于初始化时通知UI更新显示
    virtual void BroadcastInitialValues();
    //虚函数，用于绑定UI控件更新事件
    virtual void BindCallbacksToDependences();
protected:
    
    
    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr PlayerController;
    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr PlayerState;
    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr AbilitySystemComponent;
    UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly, Category="WidgetController")
    TObjectPtr AttributeSet;
    
};
                                                .cpp文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#include "UI/WidgetController/RPGWidgetController.h"
void URPGWidgetController::SetWidgetControllerParams(const FWidgetControllerParams& WCParams)
{
    PlayerController = WCParams.PlayerController;
    PlayerState = WCParams.PlayerState;
    AbilitySystemComponent = WCParams.AbilitySystemComponent;
    AttributeSet = WCParams.AttributeSet;
}
void URPGWidgetController::BroadcastInitialValues()
{
    
}
void URPGWidgetController::BindCallbacksToDependences()
{
    
}

                                                RPGUserWidget

                                                .h文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#pragma once
#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "Blueprint/UserWidget.h"
#include "RPGUserWidget.generated.h"
/**
 * 
 */
UCLASS()
class AURA_API URPGUserWidget : public UUserWidget
{
	GENERATED_BODY()
public:
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
	void SetWidgetController(UObject* InWidgetController);
	
	UPROPERTY(BlueprintReadOnly)
	TObjectPtr WidgetController;
protected:
	/** 当该控件的WidgetController被设置时，该函数将会被调用
	* 根UI会被调用WidgetControllerSet，在蓝图内调用SetWidgetController，子类蓝图的WidgetControllerSet又会被调用，可以视为一个树状
	* 的结构，所有子类都会被调用到这个函数
	*/
	UFUNCTION(BlueprintImplementableEvent)
	void WidgetControllerSet();
	
};
                                                .cpp文件
                                                // Copyright KimiLiu
#include "UI/Widgets/RPGUserWidget.h"
void URPGUserWidget::SetWidgetController(UObject* InWidgetController)
{
	WidgetController = InWidgetController;
	WidgetControllerSet();
}
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