springboot + shiro + jwt权限验证

JWT （Json Web Token）是一种开放标准（RFC 7519），用于在不同系统之间传递安全声明（例如身份验证信息）的一种紧凑且自包含的方式。是轻量级的、跨平台的、自包含的（含有足够的信息，避免频繁查询数据库），并且因为使用了数字签名，所以是可信任的。

Apache Shiro 是一个强大且易于使用的 Java 安全框架，提供了身份验证、授权、加密、会话管理等功能。Shiro 入门参考官方 10 Minute Tutorial 。

pom参考

spring-boot 2.7.6

shiro-spring 1.12.0

java-jwt 3.2.0

参考官方 Spring-Shiro 整合教程

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-web
            2.7.6
        
        
            org.apache.shiro
            shiro-spring
            1.12.0
        
        
            com.auth0
            java-jwt
            3.2.0
        

配置 JWT

public class JWTUtils {
    // 过期时间6小时
    private static final long EXPIRE_TIME = 6*60*60*1000;
    /**
     * 校验token是否正确
     * @param token 密钥
     * @param secret 用户的密码
     * @return 是否正确
     */
    public static boolean verify(String token, String username, String secret) {
        try {
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
            JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    .build();
            DecodedJWT jwt = verifier.verify(token);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception exception) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 获得token中的信息无需secret解密也能获得
     * @return token中包含的用户名
     */
    public static String getUsername(String token) {
        try {
            DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
            return jwt.getClaim("username").asString();
        } catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
    /**
     * 生成签名,6h后过期
     * @param username 用户名
     * @param secret 用户的密码
     * @return 加密的token
     */
    public static String sign(String username, String secret) {
        try {
            Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()+EXPIRE_TIME);
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
            // 附带username信息
            return JWT.create()
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    .withExpiresAt(date)
                    .sign(algorithm);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

配置JWTToken

Shiro的验证token信息实体。

public class JWTToken implements AuthenticationToken {
    // 密钥
    private String token;
    public JWTToken(String token) {
        this.token = token;
    }
    @Override
    public Object getPrincipal() {
        return token;
    }
    @Override
    public Object getCredentials() {
        return token;
    }
}

实现realm

即验证逻辑需要自己实现

@Service
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Autowired
    private UserManage userManage;
    /**
     * 必须重写此方法，不然Shiro会报错
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
        return token instanceof JWTToken;
    }
    /**
     * 只有当需要检测用户权限的时候才会调用此方法，例如checkRole,checkPermission之类的
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        return new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
    }
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        String token = (String) authenticationToken.getCredentials();
        // 解密获得username
        String user = JWTUtils.getUser(token);
        //通过token user实现自己的验证逻辑
    }
}

重写filter

所有的请求都会先经过 Filter，

代码的执行流程 preHandle -> isAccessAllowed -> isLoginAttempt -> executeLogin 

public class JWTFilter extends BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter {
    private Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    /**
     * 判断用户是否想要登入。
     * 检测header里面是否包含Authorization字段即可
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean isLoginAttempt(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String authorization = req.getHeader("Authorization");
        return authorization != null;
    }
    /**
     *
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean executeLogin(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String authorization = httpServletRequest.getHeader("Authorization");
        JWTToken token = new JWTToken(authorization);
        // 提交给realm进行登入，如果错误他会抛出异常并被捕获
        getSubject(request, response).login(token);
        // 如果没有抛出异常则代表登入成功，返回true
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * 这里我们详细说明下为什么最终返回的都是true，即允许访问
     * 例如我们提供一个地址 GET /article
     * 登入用户和游客看到的内容是不同的
     * 如果在这里返回了false，请求会被直接拦截，用户看不到任何东西
     * 所以我们在这里返回true，Controller中可以通过 subject.isAuthenticated() 来判断用户是否登入
     * 如果有些资源只有登入用户才能访问，我们只需要在方法上面加上 @RequiresAuthentication 注解即可
     * 但是这样做有一个缺点，就是不能够对GET,POST等请求进行分别过滤鉴权(因为我们重写了官方的方法)，但实际上对应用影响不大
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) {
        if (isLoginAttempt(request, response)) {
            try {
                executeLogin(request, response);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                response401(request, response);
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    /**
     * 对跨域提供支持
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
        // 跨域时会首先发送一个option请求，这里我们给option请求直接返回正常状态
        if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
            httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
            return false;
        }
        return super.preHandle(request, response);
    }
    /**
     * 将非法请求跳转到 /401
     */
    private void response401(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp) {
        try {
            HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
            httpServletResponse.sendRedirect("/401");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOGGER.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

配置shiro

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    @Bean("securityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getManager(UserRealm realm) {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager manager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        // 使用自己的realm
        manager.setRealm(realm);
        /*
         * 关闭shiro自带的session，详情见文档
         * http://shiro.apache.org/session-management.html#SessionManagement-StatelessApplications%28Sessionless%29
         */
        DefaultSubjectDAO subjectDAO = new DefaultSubjectDAO();
        DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator defaultSessionStorageEvaluator = new DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator();
        defaultSessionStorageEvaluator.setSessionStorageEnabled(false);
        subjectDAO.setSessionStorageEvaluator(defaultSessionStorageEvaluator);
        manager.setSubjectDAO(subjectDAO);
        return manager;
    }
    @Bean("shiroFilter")
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean factory(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        // 添加自己的过滤器并且取名为jwt
        Map filterMap = new HashMap();
        filterMap.put("jwt", new JWTFilter());
        factoryBean.setFilters(filterMap);
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        /*
         * 自定义url规则
         * http://shiro.apache.org/web.html#urls-
         */
        Map filterRuleMap = new HashMap();
        //所有请求通过我们自己的JWT Filter
        filterRuleMap.put("/**", "jwt");
        // 不需要验证接口
        filterRuleMap.put("/user/getById", "anon");
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterRuleMap);
        return factoryBean;
    }
    /**
     * 下面的代码是添加注解支持
     */
    @Bean
    @DependsOn("lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")
    public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {
        DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
        // 强制使用cglib，防止重复代理和可能引起代理出错的问题
        // https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/29161098
        defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
        return defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
    }
    @Bean
    public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
        return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
    }
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        advisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return advisor;
    }
}

url规则，可用filter参考Apache Shiro Web Support | Apache Shiro